GeoNames Feature Codes

GeoNames Feature Codes

A = country, state, region,...
H = stream, lake, ...
L = parks,area, ...
P = city, village,...
R = road, railroad
S = spot, building, farm
T = mountain,hill,rock,...
U = undersea
V = forest,heath,...

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A country, state, region,...

ADM1 first-order administrative division a primary administrative division of a country, such as a state in the United States
ADM1H historical first-order administrative division a former first-order administrative division
ADM2 second-order administrative division a subdivision of a first-order administrative division
ADM2H historical second-order administrative division a former second-order administrative division
ADM3 third-order administrative division a subdivision of a second-order administrative division
ADM3H historical third-order administrative division a former third-order administrative division
ADM4 fourth-order administrative division a subdivision of a third-order administrative division
ADM4H historical fourth-order administrative division a former fourth-order administrative division
ADM5 fifth-order administrative division a subdivision of a fourth-order administrative division
ADM5H historical fifth-order administrative division a former fifth-order administrative division
ADMD administrative division an administrative division of a country, undifferentiated as to administrative level
ADMDH historical administrative division a former administrative division of a political entity, undifferentiated as to administrative level
LTER leased area a tract of land leased to another country, usually for military installations
PCL political entity
PCLD dependent political entity
PCLF freely associated state
PCLH historical political entity a former political entity
PCLI independent political entity
PCLIX section of independent political entity
PCLS semi-independent political entity
PRSH parish an ecclesiastical district
TERR territory
ZN zone
ZNB buffer zone a zone recognized as a buffer between two nations in which military presence is minimal or absent

H stream, lake, ...

AIRS seaplane landing area a place on a waterbody where floatplanes land and take off
ANCH anchorage an area where vessels may anchor
BAY bay a coastal indentation between two capes or headlands, larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf
BAYS bays coastal indentations between two capes or headlands, larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf
BGHT bight(s) an open body of water forming a slight recession in a coastline
BNK bank(s) an elevation, typically located on a shelf, over which the depth of water is relatively shallow but sufficient for most surface navigation
BNKR stream bank a sloping margin of a stream channel which normally confines the stream to its channel on land
BNKX section of bank
BOG bog(s) a wetland characterized by peat forming sphagnum moss, sedge, and other acid-water plants
CAPG icecap a dome-shaped mass of glacial ice covering an area of mountain summits or other high lands; smaller than an ice sheet
CHN channel the deepest part of a stream, bay, lagoon, or strait, through which the main current flows
CHNL lake channel(s) that part of a lake having water deep enough for navigation between islands, shoals, etc.
CHNM marine channel that part of a body of water deep enough for navigation through an area otherwise not suitable
CHNN navigation channel a buoyed channel of sufficient depth for the safe navigation of vessels
CNFL confluence a place where two or more streams or intermittent streams flow together
CNL canal an artificial watercourse
CNLA aqueduct a conduit used to carry water
CNLB canal bend a conspicuously curved or bent section of a canal
CNLD drainage canal an artificial waterway carrying water away from a wetland or from drainage ditches
CNLI irrigation canal a canal which serves as a main conduit for irrigation water
CNLN navigation canal(s) a watercourse constructed for navigation of vessels
CNLQ abandoned canal
CNLSB underground irrigation canal(s) a gently inclined underground tunnel bringing water for irrigation from aquifers
CNLX section of canal
COVE cove(s) a small coastal indentation, smaller than a bay
CRKT tidal creek(s) a meandering channel in a coastal wetland subject to bi-directional tidal currents
CRNT current a horizontal flow of water in a given direction with uniform velocity
CUTF cutoff a channel formed as a result of a stream cutting through a meander neck
DCK dock(s) a waterway between two piers, or cut into the land for the berthing of ships
DCKB docking basin a part of a harbor where ships dock
DOMG icecap dome a comparatively elevated area on an icecap
DPRG icecap depression a comparatively depressed area on an icecap
DTCH ditch a small artificial watercourse dug for draining or irrigating the land
DTCHD drainage ditch a ditch which serves to drain the land
DTCHI irrigation ditch a ditch which serves to distribute irrigation water
DTCHM ditch mouth(s) an area where a drainage ditch enters a lagoon, lake or bay
ESTY estuary a funnel-shaped stream mouth or embayment where fresh water mixes with sea water under tidal influences
FISH fishing area a fishing ground, bank or area where fishermen go to catch fish
FJD fjord a long, narrow, steep-walled, deep-water arm of the sea at high latitudes, usually along mountainous coasts
FJDS fjords long, narrow, steep-walled, deep-water arms of the sea at high latitudes, usually along mountainous coasts
FLLS waterfall(s) a perpendicular or very steep descent of the water of a stream
FLLSX section of waterfall(s)
FLTM mud flat(s) a relatively level area of mud either between high and low tide lines, or subject to flooding
FLTT tidal flat(s) a large flat area of mud or sand attached to the shore and alternately covered and uncovered by the tide
GLCR glacier(s) a mass of ice, usually at high latitudes or high elevations, with sufficient thickness to flow away from the source area in lobes, tongues, or masses
GULF gulf a large recess in the coastline, larger than a bay
GYSR geyser a type of hot spring with intermittent eruptions of jets of hot water and steam
HBR harbor(s) a haven or space of deep water so sheltered by the adjacent land as to afford a safe anchorage for ships
HBRX section of harbor
INLT inlet a narrow waterway extending into the land, or connecting a bay or lagoon with a larger body of water
INLTQ former inlet an inlet which has been filled in, or blocked by deposits
LBED lake bed(s) a dried up or drained area of a former lake
LGN lagoon a shallow coastal waterbody, completely or partly separated from a larger body of water by a barrier island, coral reef or other depositional feature
LGNS lagoons shallow coastal waterbodies, completely or partly separated from a larger body of water by a barrier island, coral reef or other depositional feature
LGNX section of lagoon
LK lake a large inland body of standing water
LKC crater lake a lake in a crater or caldera
LKI intermittent lake
LKN salt lake an inland body of salt water with no outlet
LKNI intermittent salt lake
LKO oxbow lake a crescent-shaped lake commonly found adjacent to meandering streams
LKOI intermittent oxbow lake
LKS lakes large inland bodies of standing water
LKSB underground lake a standing body of water in a cave
LKSC crater lakes lakes in a crater or caldera
LKSI intermittent lakes
LKSN salt lakes inland bodies of salt water with no outlet
LKSNI intermittent salt lakes
LKX section of lake
MFGN salt evaporation ponds diked salt ponds used in the production of solar evaporated salt
MGV mangrove swamp a tropical tidal mud flat characterized by mangrove vegetation
MOOR moor(s) an area of open ground overlaid with wet peaty soils
MRSH marsh(es) a wetland dominated by grass-like vegetation
MRSHN salt marsh a flat area, subject to periodic salt water inundation, dominated by grassy salt-tolerant plants
NRWS narrows a navigable narrow part of a bay, strait, river, etc.
OCN ocean one of the major divisions of the vast expanse of salt water covering part of the earth
OVF overfalls an area of breaking waves caused by the meeting of currents or by waves moving against the current
PND pond a small standing waterbody
PNDI intermittent pond
PNDN salt pond a small standing body of salt water often in a marsh or swamp, usually along a seacoast
PNDNI intermittent salt pond(s)
PNDS ponds small standing waterbodies
PNDSF fishponds ponds or enclosures in which fish are kept or raised
PNDSI intermittent ponds
PNDSN salt ponds small standing bodies of salt water often in a marsh or swamp, usually along a seacoast
POOL pool(s) a small and comparatively still, deep part of a larger body of water such as a stream or harbor; or a small body of standing water
POOLI intermittent pool
RCH reach a straight section of a navigable stream or channel between two bends
RDGG icecap ridge a linear elevation on an icecap
RDST roadstead an open anchorage affording less protection than a harbor
RF reef(s) a surface-navigation hazard composed of consolidated material
RFC coral reef(s) a surface-navigation hazard composed of coral
RFX section of reef
RPDS rapids a turbulent section of a stream associated with a steep, irregular stream bed
RSV reservoir(s) an artificial pond or lake
RSVI intermittent reservoir
RSVT water tank a contained pool or tank of water at, below, or above ground level
RVN ravine(s) a small, narrow, deep, steep-sided stream channel, smaller than a gorge
SBKH sabkha(s) a salt flat or salt encrusted plain subject to periodic inundation from flooding or high tides
SD sound a long arm of the sea forming a channel between the mainland and an island or islands; or connecting two larger bodies of water
SEA sea a large body of salt water more or less confined by continuous land or chains of islands forming a subdivision of an ocean
SHOL shoal(s) a surface-navigation hazard composed of unconsolidated material
SILL sill the low part of an underwater gap or saddle separating basins, including a similar feature at the mouth of a fjord
SPNG spring(s) a place where ground water flows naturally out of the ground
SPNS sulphur spring(s) a place where sulphur ground water flows naturally out of the ground
SPNT hot spring(s) a place where hot ground water flows naturally out of the ground
STM stream a body of running water moving to a lower level in a channel on land
STMA anabranch a diverging branch flowing out of a main stream and rejoining it downstream
STMB stream bend a conspicuously curved or bent segment of a stream
STMC canalized stream a stream that has been substantially ditched, diked, or straightened
STMD distributary(-ies) a branch which flows away from the main stream, as in a delta or irrigation canal
STMH headwaters the source and upper part of a stream, including the upper drainage basin
STMI intermittent stream
STMIX section of intermittent stream
STMM stream mouth(s) a place where a stream discharges into a lagoon, lake, or the sea
STMQ abandoned watercourse a former stream or distributary no longer carrying flowing water, but still evident due to lakes, wetland, topographic or vegetation patterns
STMS streams bodies of running water moving to a lower level in a channel on land
STMSB lost river a surface stream that disappears into an underground channel, or dries up in an arid area
STMX section of stream
STRT strait a relatively narrow waterway, usually narrower and less extensive than a sound, connecting two larger bodies of water
SWMP swamp a wetland dominated by tree vegetation
SYSI irrigation system a network of ditches and one or more of the following elements: water supply, reservoir, canal, pump, well, drain, etc.
TNLC canal tunnel a tunnel through which a canal passes
WAD wadi a valley or ravine, bounded by relatively steep banks, which in the rainy season becomes a watercourse; found primarily in North Africa and the Middle East
WADB wadi bend a conspicuously curved or bent segment of a wadi
WADJ wadi junction a place where two or more wadies join
WADM wadi mouth the lower terminus of a wadi where it widens into an adjoining floodplain, depression, or waterbody
WADS wadies valleys or ravines, bounded by relatively steep banks, which in the rainy season become watercourses; found primarily in North Africa and the Middle East
WADX section of wadi
WHRL whirlpool a turbulent, rotating movement of water in a stream
WLL well a cylindrical hole, pit, or tunnel drilled or dug down to a depth from which water, oil, or gas can be pumped or brought to the surface
WLLQ abandoned well
WLLS wells cylindrical holes, pits, or tunnels drilled or dug down to a depth from which water, oil, or gas can be pumped or brought to the surface
WTLD wetland an area subject to inundation, usually characterized by bog, marsh, or swamp vegetation
WTLDI intermittent wetland
WTRC watercourse a natural, well-defined channel produced by flowing water, or an artificial channel designed to carry flowing water
WTRH waterhole(s) a natural hole, hollow, or small depression that contains water, used by man and animals, especially in arid areas

L parks,area, ...

AGRC agricultural colony a tract of land set aside for agricultural settlement
AMUS amusement park Amusement Park are theme parks, adventure parks offering entertainment, similar to funfairs but with a fix location
AREA area a tract of land without homogeneous character or boundaries
BSND drainage basin an area drained by a stream
BSNP petroleum basin an area underlain by an oil-rich structural basin
BTL battlefield a site of a land battle of historical importance
CLG clearing an area in a forest with trees removed
CMN common a park or pasture for community use
CNS concession area a lease of land by a government for economic development, e.g., mining, forestry
COLF coalfield a region in which coal deposits of possible economic value occur
CONT continent continent: Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America, Oceania, Antarctica
CST coast a zone of variable width straddling the shoreline
CTRB business center a place where a number of businesses are located
DEVH housing development a tract of land on which many houses of similar design are built according to a development plan
FLD field(s) an open as opposed to wooded area
FLDI irrigated field(s) a tract of level or terraced land which is irrigated
GASF gasfield an area containing a subterranean store of natural gas of economic value
GRAZ grazing area an area of grasses and shrubs used for grazing
GVL gravel area an area covered with gravel
INDS industrial area an area characterized by industrial activity
LAND arctic land a tract of land in the Arctic
LCTY locality a minor area or place of unspecified or mixed character and indefinite boundaries
MILB military base a place used by an army or other armed service for storing arms and supplies, and for accommodating and training troops, a base from which operations can be initiated
MNA mining area an area of mine sites where minerals and ores are extracted
MVA maneuver area a tract of land where military field exercises are carried out
NVB naval base an area used to store supplies, provide barracks for troops and naval personnel, a port for naval vessels, and from which operations are initiated
OAS oasis(-es) an area in a desert made productive by the availability of water
OILF oilfield an area containing a subterranean store of petroleum of economic value
PEAT peat cutting area an area where peat is harvested
PRK park an area, often of forested land, maintained as a place of beauty, or for recreation
PRT port a place provided with terminal and transfer facilities for loading and discharging waterborne cargo or passengers, usually located in a harbor
QCKS quicksand an area where loose sand with water moving through it may become unstable when heavy objects are placed at the surface, causing them to sink
RES reserve a tract of public land reserved for future use or restricted as to use
RESA agricultural reserve a tract of land reserved for agricultural reclamation and/or development
RESF forest reserve a forested area set aside for preservation or controlled use
RESH hunting reserve a tract of land used primarily for hunting
RESN nature reserve an area reserved for the maintenance of a natural habitat
RESP palm tree reserve an area of palm trees where use is controlled
RESV reservation a tract of land set aside for aboriginal, tribal, or native populations
RESW wildlife reserve a tract of public land reserved for the preservation of wildlife
RGN region an area distinguished by one or more observable physical or cultural characteristics
RGNE economic region a region of a country established for economic development or for statistical purposes
RGNH historical region a former historic area distinguished by one or more observable physical or cultural characteristics
RGNL lake region a tract of land distinguished by numerous lakes
RNGA artillery range a tract of land used for artillery firing practice
SALT salt area a shallow basin or flat where salt accumulates after periodic inundation
SNOW snowfield an area of permanent snow and ice forming the accumulation area of a glacier
TRB tribal area a tract of land used by nomadic or other tribes

P city, village,...

PPL populated place a city, town, village, or other agglomeration of buildings where people live and work
PPLA seat of a first-order administrative division seat of a first-order administrative division (PPLC takes precedence over PPLA)
PPLA2 seat of a second-order administrative division
PPLA3 seat of a third-order administrative division
PPLA4 seat of a fourth-order administrative division
PPLA5 seat of a fifth-order administrative division
PPLC capital of a political entity
PPLCH historical capital of a political entity a former capital of a political entity
PPLF farm village a populated place where the population is largely engaged in agricultural activities
PPLG seat of government of a political entity
PPLH historical populated place a populated place that no longer exists
PPLL populated locality an area similar to a locality but with a small group of dwellings or other buildings
PPLQ abandoned populated place
PPLR religious populated place a populated place whose population is largely engaged in religious occupations
PPLS populated places cities, towns, villages, or other agglomerations of buildings where people live and work
PPLW destroyed populated place a village, town or city destroyed by a natural disaster, or by war
PPLX section of populated place
STLMT israeli settlement

R road, railroad

CSWY causeway a raised roadway across wet ground or shallow water
OILP oil pipeline a pipeline used for transporting oil
PRMN promenade a place for public walking, usually along a beach front
PTGE portage a place where boats, goods, etc., are carried overland between navigable waters
RD road an open way with improved surface for transportation of animals, people and vehicles
RDA ancient road the remains of a road used by ancient cultures
RDB road bend a conspicuously curved or bent section of a road
RDCUT road cut an excavation cut through a hill or ridge for a road
RDJCT road junction a place where two or more roads join
RJCT railroad junction a place where two or more railroad tracks join
RR railroad a permanent twin steel-rail track on which freight and passenger cars move long distances
RRQ abandoned railroad
RTE caravan route the route taken by caravans
RYD railroad yard a system of tracks used for the making up of trains, and switching and storing freight cars
ST street a paved urban thoroughfare
STKR stock route a route taken by livestock herds
TNL tunnel a subterranean passageway for transportation
TNLN natural tunnel a cave that is open at both ends
TNLRD road tunnel a tunnel through which a road passes
TNLRR railroad tunnel a tunnel through which a railroad passes
TNLS tunnels subterranean passageways for transportation
TRL trail a path, track, or route used by pedestrians, animals, or off-road vehicles

S spot, building, farm

ADMF administrative facility a government building
AGRF agricultural facility a building and/or tract of land used for improving agriculture
AIRB airbase an area used to store supplies, provide barracks for air force personnel, hangars and runways for aircraft, and from which operations are initiated
AIRF airfield a place on land where aircraft land and take off; no facilities provided for the commercial handling of passengers and cargo
AIRH heliport a place where helicopters land and take off
AIRP airport a place where aircraft regularly land and take off, with runways, navigational aids, and major facilities for the commercial handling of passengers and cargo
AIRQ abandoned airfield
AIRT terminal airport facilities for the handling of freight and passengers
AMTH amphitheater an oval or circular structure with rising tiers of seats about a stage or open space
ANS archaeological/prehistoric site a place where archeological remains, old structures, or cultural artifacts are located
AQC aquaculture facility facility or area for the cultivation of aquatic animals and plants, especially fish, shellfish, and seaweed, in natural or controlled marine or freshwater environments; underwater agriculture
ARCH arch a natural or man-made structure in the form of an arch
ARCHV archive a place or institution where documents are preserved
ART piece of art a piece of art, like a sculpture, painting. In contrast to monument (MNMT) it is not commemorative.
ASTR astronomical station a point on the earth whose position has been determined by observations of celestial bodies
ASYL asylum a facility where the insane are cared for and protected
ATHF athletic field a tract of land used for playing team sports, and athletic track and field events
ATM automatic teller machine An unattended electronic machine in a public place, connected to a data system and related equipment and activated by a bank customer to obtain cash withdrawals and other banking services.
BANK bank A business establishment in which money is kept for saving or commercial purposes or is invested, supplied for loans, or exchanged.
BCN beacon a fixed artificial navigation mark
BDG bridge a structure erected across an obstacle such as a stream, road, etc., in order to carry roads, railroads, and pedestrians across
BDGQ ruined bridge a destroyed or decayed bridge which is no longer functional
BLDA apartment building a building containing several individual apartments
BLDG building(s) a structure built for permanent use, as a house, factory, etc.
BLDO office building commercial building where business and/or services are conducted
BP boundary marker a fixture marking a point along a boundary
BRKS barracks a building for lodging military personnel
BRKW breakwater a structure erected to break the force of waves at the entrance to a harbor or port
BSTN baling station a facility for baling agricultural products
BTYD boatyard a waterside facility for servicing, repairing, and building small vessels
BUR burial cave(s) a cave used for human burials
BUSTN bus station a facility comprising ticket office, platforms, etc. for loading and unloading passengers
BUSTP bus stop a place lacking station facilities
CARN cairn a heap of stones erected as a landmark or for other purposes
CAVE cave(s) an underground passageway or chamber, or cavity on the side of a cliff
CH church a building for public Christian worship
CMP camp(s) a site occupied by tents, huts, or other shelters for temporary use
CMPL logging camp a camp used by loggers
CMPLA labor camp a camp used by migrant or temporary laborers
CMPMN mining camp a camp used by miners
CMPO oil camp a camp used by oilfield workers
CMPQ abandoned camp
CMPRF refugee camp a camp used by refugees
CMTY cemetery a burial place or ground
COMC communication center a facility, including buildings, antennae, towers and electronic equipment for receiving and transmitting information
CRRL corral(s) a pen or enclosure for confining or capturing animals
CSNO casino a building used for entertainment, especially gambling
CSTL castle a large fortified building or set of buildings
CSTM customs house a building in a port where customs and duties are paid, and where vessels are entered and cleared
CTHSE courthouse a building in which courts of law are held
CTRA atomic center a facility where atomic research is carried out
CTRCM community center a facility for community recreation and other activities
CTRF facility center a place where more than one facility is situated
CTRM medical center a complex of health care buildings including two or more of the following: hospital, medical school, clinic, pharmacy, doctor's offices, etc.
CTRR religious center a facility where more than one religious activity is carried out, e.g., retreat, school, monastery, worship
CTRS space center a facility for launching, tracking, or controlling satellites and space vehicles
CVNT convent a building where a community of nuns lives in seclusion
DAM dam a barrier constructed across a stream to impound water
DAMQ ruined dam a destroyed or decayed dam which is no longer functional
DAMSB sub-surface dam a dam put down to bedrock in a sand river
DARY dairy a facility for the processing, sale and distribution of milk or milk products
DCKD dry dock a dock providing support for a vessel, and means for removing the water so that the bottom of the vessel can be exposed
DCKY dockyard a facility for servicing, building, or repairing ships
DIKE dike an earth or stone embankment usually constructed for flood or stream control
DIP diplomatic facility office, residence, or facility of a foreign government, which may include an embassy, consulate, chancery, office of charge d'affaires, or other diplomatic, economic, military, or cultural mission
DPOF fuel depot an area where fuel is stored
EST estate(s) a large commercialized agricultural landholding with associated buildings and other facilities
ESTO oil palm plantation an estate specializing in the cultivation of oil palm trees
ESTR rubber plantation an estate which specializes in growing and tapping rubber trees
ESTSG sugar plantation an estate that specializes in growing sugar cane
ESTT tea plantation an estate which specializes in growing tea bushes
ESTX section of estate
FCL facility a building or buildings housing a center, institute, foundation, hospital, prison, mission, courthouse, etc.
FNDY foundry a building or works where metal casting is carried out
FRM farm a tract of land with associated buildings devoted to agriculture
FRMQ abandoned farm
FRMS farms tracts of land with associated buildings devoted to agriculture
FRMT farmstead the buildings and adjacent service areas of a farm
FT fort a defensive structure or earthworks
FY ferry a boat or other floating conveyance and terminal facilities regularly used to transport people and vehicles across a waterbody
FYT ferry terminal a place where ferries pick-up and discharge passengers, vehicles and or cargo
GATE gate a controlled access entrance or exit
GDN garden(s) an enclosure for displaying selected plant or animal life
GHAT ghat a set of steps leading to a river, which are of religious significance, and at their base is usually a platform for bathing
GHSE guest house a house used to provide lodging for paying guests
GOSP gas-oil separator plant a facility for separating gas from oil
GOVL local government office a facility housing local governmental offices, usually a city, town, or village hall
GRVE grave a burial site
HERM hermitage a secluded residence, usually for religious sects
HLT halting place a place where caravans stop for rest
HMSD homestead a residence, owner's or manager's, on a sheep or cattle station, woolshed, outcamp, or Aboriginal outstation, specific to Australia and New Zealand
HSE house(s) a building used as a human habitation
HSEC country house a large house, mansion, or chateau, on a large estate
HSP hospital a building in which sick or injured, especially those confined to bed, are medically treated
HSPC clinic a medical facility associated with a hospital for outpatients
HSPD dispensary a building where medical or dental aid is dispensed
HSPL leprosarium an asylum or hospital for lepers
HSTS historical site a place of historical importance
HTL hotel a building providing lodging and/or meals for the public
HUT hut a small primitive house
HUTS huts small primitive houses
INSM military installation a facility for use of and control by armed forces
ITTR research institute a facility where research is carried out
JTY jetty a structure built out into the water at a river mouth or harbor entrance to regulate currents and silting
LDNG landing a place where boats receive or discharge passengers and freight, but lacking most port facilities
LEPC leper colony a settled area inhabited by lepers in relative isolation
LIBR library A place in which information resources such as books are kept for reading, reference, or lending.
LNDF landfill a place for trash and garbage disposal in which the waste is buried between layers of earth to build up low-lying land
LOCK lock(s) a basin in a waterway with gates at each end by means of which vessels are passed from one water level to another
LTHSE lighthouse a distinctive structure exhibiting a major navigation light
MALL mall A large, often enclosed shopping complex containing various stores, businesses, and restaurants usually accessible by common passageways.
MAR marina a harbor facility for small boats, yachts, etc.
MFG factory one or more buildings where goods are manufactured, processed or fabricated
MFGB brewery one or more buildings where beer is brewed
MFGC cannery a building where food items are canned
MFGCU copper works a facility for processing copper ore
MFGLM limekiln a furnace in which limestone is reduced to lime
MFGM munitions plant a factory where ammunition is made
MFGPH phosphate works a facility for producing fertilizer
MFGQ abandoned factory
MFGSG sugar refinery a facility for converting raw sugar into refined sugar
MKT market a place where goods are bought and sold at regular intervals
ML mill(s) a building housing machines for transforming, shaping, finishing, grinding, or extracting products
MLM ore treatment plant a facility for improving the metal content of ore by concentration
MLO olive oil mill a mill where oil is extracted from olives
MLSG sugar mill a facility where sugar cane is processed into raw sugar
MLSGQ former sugar mill a sugar mill no longer used as a sugar mill
MLSW sawmill a mill where logs or lumber are sawn to specified shapes and sizes
MLWND windmill a mill or water pump powered by wind
MLWTR water mill a mill powered by running water
MN mine(s) a site where mineral ores are extracted from the ground by excavating surface pits and subterranean passages
MNAU gold mine(s) a mine where gold ore, or alluvial gold is extracted
MNC coal mine(s) a mine where coal is extracted
MNCR chrome mine(s) a mine where chrome ore is extracted
MNCU copper mine(s) a mine where copper ore is extracted
MNFE iron mine(s) a mine where iron ore is extracted
MNMT monument a commemorative structure or statue
MNN salt mine(s) a mine from which salt is extracted
MNQ abandoned mine
MNQR quarry(-ies) a surface mine where building stone or gravel and sand, etc. are extracted
MOLE mole a massive structure of masonry or large stones serving as a pier or breakwater
MSQE mosque a building for public Islamic worship
MSSN mission a place characterized by dwellings, school, church, hospital and other facilities operated by a religious group for the purpose of providing charitable services and to propagate religion
MSSNQ abandoned mission
MSTY monastery a building and grounds where a community of monks lives in seclusion
MTRO metro station metro station (Underground, Tube, or Metro)
MUS museum a building where objects of permanent interest in one or more of the arts and sciences are preserved and exhibited
NOV novitiate a religious house or school where novices are trained
NSY nursery(-ies) a place where plants are propagated for transplanting or grafting
OBPT observation point a wildlife or scenic observation point
OBS observatory a facility equipped for observation of atmospheric or space phenomena
OBSR radio observatory a facility equipped with an array of antennae for receiving radio waves from space
OILJ oil pipeline junction a section of an oil pipeline where two or more pipes join together
OILQ abandoned oil well
OILR oil refinery a facility for converting crude oil into refined petroleum products
OILT tank farm a tract of land occupied by large, cylindrical, metal tanks in which oil or liquid petrochemicals are stored
OILW oil well a well from which oil may be pumped
OPRA opera house A theater designed chiefly for the performance of operas.
PAL palace a large stately house, often a royal or presidential residence
PGDA pagoda a tower-like storied structure, usually a Buddhist shrine
PIER pier a structure built out into navigable water on piles providing berthing for ships and recreation
PKLT parking lot an area used for parking vehicles
PMPO oil pumping station a facility for pumping oil through a pipeline
PMPW water pumping station a facility for pumping water from a major well or through a pipeline
PO post office a public building in which mail is received, sorted and distributed
PP police post a building in which police are stationed
PPQ abandoned police post
PRKGT park gate a controlled access to a park
PRKHQ park headquarters a park administrative facility
PRN prison a facility for confining prisoners
PRNJ reformatory a facility for confining, training, and reforming young law offenders
PRNQ abandoned prison
PS power station a facility for generating electric power
PSH hydroelectric power station a building where electricity is generated from water power
PSN nuclear power station nuclear power station
PSTB border post a post or station at an international boundary for the regulation of movement of people and goods
PSTC customs post a building at an international boundary where customs and duties are paid on goods
PSTP patrol post a post from which patrols are sent out
PYR pyramid an ancient massive structure of square ground plan with four triangular faces meeting at a point and used for enclosing tombs
PYRS pyramids ancient massive structures of square ground plan with four triangular faces meeting at a point and used for enclosing tombs
QUAY quay a structure of solid construction along a shore or bank which provides berthing for ships and which generally provides cargo handling facilities
RDCR traffic circle a road junction formed around a central circle about which traffic moves in one direction only
RDIN intersection a junction of two or more highways by a system of separate levels that permit traffic to pass from one to another without the crossing of traffic streams
RECG golf course a recreation field where golf is played
RECR racetrack a track where races are held
REST restaurant A place where meals are served to the public
RET store a building where goods and/or services are offered for sale
RHSE resthouse a structure maintained for the rest and shelter of travelers
RKRY rookery a breeding place of a colony of birds or seals
RLG religious site an ancient site of significant religious importance
RLGR retreat a place of temporary seclusion, especially for religious groups
RNCH ranch(es) a large farm specializing in extensive grazing of livestock
RSD railroad siding a short track parallel to and joining the main track
RSGNL railroad signal a signal at the entrance of a particular section of track governing the movement of trains
RSRT resort a specialized facility for vacation, health, or participation sports activities
RSTN railroad station a facility comprising ticket office, platforms, etc. for loading and unloading train passengers and freight
RSTNQ abandoned railroad station
RSTP railroad stop a place lacking station facilities where trains stop to pick up and unload passengers and freight
RSTPQ abandoned railroad stop
RUIN ruin(s) a destroyed or decayed structure which is no longer functional
SCH school building(s) where instruction in one or more branches of knowledge takes place
SCHA agricultural school a school with a curriculum focused on agriculture
SCHC college the grounds and buildings of an institution of higher learning
SCHL language school Language Schools & Institutions
SCHM military school a school at which military science forms the core of the curriculum
SCHN maritime school a school at which maritime sciences form the core of the curriculum
SCHT technical school post-secondary school with a specifically technical or vocational curriculum
SECP State Exam Prep Centre state exam preparation centres
SHPF sheepfold a fence or wall enclosure for sheep and other small herd animals
SHRN shrine a structure or place memorializing a person or religious concept
SHSE storehouse a building for storing goods, especially provisions
SLCE sluice a conduit or passage for carrying off surplus water from a waterbody, usually regulated by means of a sluice gate
SNTR sanatorium a facility where victims of physical or mental disorders are treated
SPA spa a resort area usually developed around a medicinal spring
SPLY spillway a passage or outlet through which surplus water flows over, around or through a dam
SQR square a broad, open, public area near the center of a town or city
STBL stable a building for the shelter and feeding of farm animals, especially horses
STDM stadium a structure with an enclosure for athletic games with tiers of seats for spectators
STNB scientific research base a scientific facility used as a base from which research is carried out or monitored
STNC coast guard station a facility from which the coast is guarded by armed vessels
STNE experiment station a facility for carrying out experiments
STNF forest station a collection of buildings and facilities for carrying out forest management
STNI inspection station a station at which vehicles, goods, and people are inspected
STNM meteorological station a station at which weather elements are recorded
STNR radio station a facility for producing and transmitting information by radio waves
STNS satellite station a facility for tracking and communicating with orbiting satellites
STNW whaling station a facility for butchering whales and processing train oil
STPS steps stones or slabs placed for ease in ascending or descending a steep slope
SWT sewage treatment plant facility for the processing of sewage and/or wastewater
SYG synagogue a place for Jewish worship and religious instruction
THTR theater A building, room, or outdoor structure for the presentation of plays, films, or other dramatic performances
TMB tomb(s) a structure for interring bodies
TMPL temple(s) an edifice dedicated to religious worship
TNKD cattle dipping tank a small artificial pond used for immersing cattle in chemically treated water for disease control
TOLL toll gate/barrier highway toll collection station
TOWR tower a high conspicuous structure, typically much higher than its diameter
TRAM tram rail vehicle along urban streets (also known as streetcar or trolley)
TRANT transit terminal facilities for the handling of vehicular freight and passengers
TRIG triangulation station a point on the earth whose position has been determined by triangulation
TRMO oil pipeline terminal a tank farm or loading facility at the end of an oil pipeline
TWO temp work office Temporary Work Offices
UNIP university prep school University Preparation Schools & Institutions
UNIV university An institution for higher learning with teaching and research facilities constituting a graduate school and professional schools that award master's degrees and doctorates and an undergraduate division that awards bachelor's degrees.
USGE united states government establishment a facility operated by the United States Government in Panama
VETF veterinary facility a building or camp at which veterinary services are available
WALL wall a thick masonry structure, usually enclosing a field or building, or forming the side of a structure
WALLA ancient wall the remains of a linear defensive stone structure
WEIR weir(s) a small dam in a stream, designed to raise the water level or to divert stream flow through a desired channel
WHRF wharf(-ves) a structure of open rather than solid construction along a shore or a bank which provides berthing for ships and cargo-handling facilities
WRCK wreck the site of the remains of a wrecked vessel
WTRW waterworks a facility for supplying potable water through a water source and a system of pumps and filtration beds
ZNF free trade zone an area, usually a section of a port, where goods may be received and shipped free of customs duty and of most customs regulations
ZOO zoo a zoological garden or park where wild animals are kept for exhibition

T mountain,hill,rock,...

ASPH asphalt lake a small basin containing naturally occurring asphalt
ATOL atoll(s) a ring-shaped coral reef which has closely spaced islands on it encircling a lagoon
BAR bar a shallow ridge or mound of coarse unconsolidated material in a stream channel, at the mouth of a stream, estuary, or lagoon and in the wave-break zone along coasts
BCH beach a shore zone of coarse unconsolidated sediment that extends from the low-water line to the highest reach of storm waves
BCHS beaches a shore zone of coarse unconsolidated sediment that extends from the low-water line to the highest reach of storm waves
BDLD badlands an area characterized by a maze of very closely spaced, deep, narrow, steep-sided ravines, and sharp crests and pinnacles
BLDR boulder field a high altitude or high latitude bare, flat area covered with large angular rocks
BLHL blowhole(s) a hole in coastal rock through which sea water is forced by a rising tide or waves and spurted through an outlet into the air
BLOW blowout(s) a small depression in sandy terrain, caused by wind erosion
BNCH bench a long, narrow bedrock platform bounded by steeper slopes above and below, usually overlooking a waterbody
BUTE butte(s) a small, isolated, usually flat-topped hill with steep sides
CAPE cape a land area, more prominent than a point, projecting into the sea and marking a notable change in coastal direction
CFT cleft(s) a deep narrow slot, notch, or groove in a coastal cliff
CLDA caldera a depression measuring kilometers across formed by the collapse of a volcanic mountain
CLF cliff(s) a high, steep to perpendicular slope overlooking a waterbody or lower area
CNYN canyon a deep, narrow valley with steep sides cutting into a plateau or mountainous area
CONE cone(s) a conical landform composed of mud or volcanic material
CRDR corridor a strip or area of land having significance as an access way
CRQ cirque a bowl-like hollow partially surrounded by cliffs or steep slopes at the head of a glaciated valley
CRQS cirques bowl-like hollows partially surrounded by cliffs or steep slopes at the head of a glaciated valley
CRTR crater(s) a generally circular saucer or bowl-shaped depression caused by volcanic or meteorite explosive action
CUET cuesta(s) an asymmetric ridge formed on tilted strata
DLTA delta a flat plain formed by alluvial deposits at the mouth of a stream
DPR depression(s) a low area surrounded by higher land and usually characterized by interior drainage
DSRT desert a large area with little or no vegetation due to extreme environmental conditions
DUNE dune(s) a wave form, ridge or star shape feature composed of sand
DVD divide a line separating adjacent drainage basins
ERG sandy desert an extensive tract of shifting sand and sand dunes
FAN fan(s) a fan-shaped wedge of coarse alluvium with apex merging with a mountain stream bed and the fan spreading out at a low angle slope onto an adjacent plain
FORD ford a shallow part of a stream which can be crossed on foot or by land vehicle
FSR fissure a crack associated with volcanism
GAP gap a low place in a ridge, not used for transportation
GRGE gorge(s) a short, narrow, steep-sided section of a stream valley
HDLD headland a high projection of land extending into a large body of water beyond the line of the coast
HLL hill a rounded elevation of limited extent rising above the surrounding land with local relief of less than 300m
HLLS hills rounded elevations of limited extent rising above the surrounding land with local relief of less than 300m
HMCK hammock(s) a patch of ground, distinct from and slightly above the surrounding plain or wetland. Often occurs in groups
HMDA rock desert a relatively sand-free, high bedrock plateau in a hot desert, with or without a gravel veneer
INTF interfluve a relatively undissected upland between adjacent stream valleys
ISL island a tract of land, smaller than a continent, surrounded by water at high water
ISLET islet small island, bigger than rock, smaller than island.
ISLF artificial island an island created by landfill or diking and filling in a wetland, bay, or lagoon
ISLM mangrove island a mangrove swamp surrounded by a waterbody
ISLS islands tracts of land, smaller than a continent, surrounded by water at high water
ISLT land-tied island a coastal island connected to the mainland by barrier beaches, levees or dikes
ISLX section of island
ISTH isthmus a narrow strip of land connecting two larger land masses and bordered by water
KRST karst area a distinctive landscape developed on soluble rock such as limestone characterized by sinkholes, caves, disappearing streams, and underground drainage
LAVA lava area an area of solidified lava
LEV levee a natural low embankment bordering a distributary or meandering stream; often built up artificially to control floods
MESA mesa(s) a flat-topped, isolated elevation with steep slopes on all sides, less extensive than a plateau
MND mound(s) a low, isolated, rounded hill
MRN moraine a mound, ridge, or other accumulation of glacial till
MT mountain an elevation standing high above the surrounding area with small summit area, steep slopes and local relief of 300m or more
MTS mountains a mountain range or a group of mountains or high ridges
NKM meander neck a narrow strip of land between the two limbs of a meander loop at its narrowest point
NTK nunatak a rock or mountain peak protruding through glacial ice
NTKS nunataks rocks or mountain peaks protruding through glacial ice
PAN pan a near-level shallow, natural depression or basin, usually containing an intermittent lake, pond, or pool
PANS pans a near-level shallow, natural depression or basin, usually containing an intermittent lake, pond, or pool
PASS pass a break in a mountain range or other high obstruction, used for transportation from one side to the other [See also gap]
PEN peninsula an elongate area of land projecting into a body of water and nearly surrounded by water
PENX section of peninsula
PK peak a pointed elevation atop a mountain, ridge, or other hypsographic feature
PKS peaks pointed elevations atop a mountain, ridge, or other hypsographic features
PLAT plateau an elevated plain with steep slopes on one or more sides, and often with incised streams
PLATX section of plateau
PLDR polder an area reclaimed from the sea by diking and draining
PLN plain(s) an extensive area of comparatively level to gently undulating land, lacking surface irregularities, and usually adjacent to a higher area
PLNX section of plain
PROM promontory(-ies) a bluff or prominent hill overlooking or projecting into a lowland
PT point a tapering piece of land projecting into a body of water, less prominent than a cape
PTS points tapering pieces of land projecting into a body of water, less prominent than a cape
RDGB beach ridge a ridge of sand just inland and parallel to the beach, usually in series
RDGE ridge(s) a long narrow elevation with steep sides, and a more or less continuous crest
REG stony desert a desert plain characterized by a surface veneer of gravel and stones
RK rock a conspicuous, isolated rocky mass
RKFL rockfall an irregular mass of fallen rock at the base of a cliff or steep slope
RKS rocks conspicuous, isolated rocky masses
SAND sand area a tract of land covered with sand
SBED dry stream bed a channel formerly containing the water of a stream
SCRP escarpment a long line of cliffs or steep slopes separating level surfaces above and below
SDL saddle a broad, open pass crossing a ridge or between hills or mountains
SHOR shore a narrow zone bordering a waterbody which covers and uncovers at high and low water, respectively
SINK sinkhole a small crater-shape depression in a karst area
SLID slide a mound of earth material, at the base of a slope and the associated scoured area
SLP slope(s) a surface with a relatively uniform slope angle
SPIT spit a narrow, straight or curved continuation of a beach into a waterbody
SPUR spur(s) a subordinate ridge projecting outward from a hill, mountain or other elevation
TAL talus slope a steep concave slope formed by an accumulation of loose rock fragments at the base of a cliff or steep slope
TRGD interdune trough(s) a long wind-swept trough between parallel longitudinal dunes
TRR terrace a long, narrow alluvial platform bounded by steeper slopes above and below, usually overlooking a waterbody
UPLD upland an extensive interior region of high land with low to moderate surface relief
VAL valley an elongated depression usually traversed by a stream
VALG hanging valley a valley the floor of which is notably higher than the valley or shore to which it leads; most common in areas that have been glaciated
VALS valleys elongated depressions usually traversed by a stream
VALX section of valley
VLC volcano a conical elevation composed of volcanic materials with a crater at the top

U undersea

APNU apron a gentle slope, with a generally smooth surface, particularly found around groups of islands and seamounts
ARCU arch a low bulge around the southeastern end of the island of Hawaii
ARRU arrugado an area of subdued corrugations off Baja California
BDLU borderland a region adjacent to a continent, normally occupied by or bordering a shelf, that is highly irregular with depths well in excess of those typical of a shelf
BKSU banks elevations, typically located on a shelf, over which the depth of water is relatively shallow but sufficient for safe surface navigation
BNKU bank an elevation, typically located on a shelf, over which the depth of water is relatively shallow but sufficient for safe surface navigation
BSNU basin a depression more or less equidimensional in plan and of variable extent
CDAU cordillera an entire mountain system including the subordinate ranges, interior plateaus, and basins
CNSU canyons relatively narrow, deep depressions with steep sides, the bottom of which generally has a continuous slope
CNYU canyon a relatively narrow, deep depression with steep sides, the bottom of which generally has a continuous slope
CRSU continental rise a gentle slope rising from oceanic depths towards the foot of a continental slope
DEPU deep a localized deep area within the confines of a larger feature, such as a trough, basin or trench
EDGU shelf edge a line along which there is a marked increase of slope at the outer margin of a continental shelf or island shelf
ESCU escarpment (or scarp) an elongated and comparatively steep slope separating flat or gently sloping areas
FANU fan a relatively smooth feature normally sloping away from the lower termination of a canyon or canyon system
FLTU flat a small level or nearly level area
FRZU fracture zone an extensive linear zone of irregular topography of the sea floor, characterized by steep-sided or asymmetrical ridges, troughs, or escarpments
FURU furrow a closed, linear, narrow, shallow depression
GAPU gap a narrow break in a ridge or rise
GLYU gully a small valley-like feature
HLLU hill an elevation rising generally less than 500 meters
HLSU hills elevations rising generally less than 500 meters
HOLU hole a small depression of the sea floor
KNLU knoll an elevation rising generally more than 500 meters and less than 1,000 meters and of limited extent across the summit
KNSU knolls elevations rising generally more than 500 meters and less than 1,000 meters and of limited extent across the summits
LDGU ledge a rocky projection or outcrop, commonly linear and near shore
LEVU levee an embankment bordering a canyon, valley, or seachannel
MESU mesa an isolated, extensive, flat-topped elevation on the shelf, with relatively steep sides
MNDU mound a low, isolated, rounded hill
MOTU moat an annular depression that may not be continuous, located at the base of many seamounts, islands, and other isolated elevations
MTU mountain a well-delineated subdivision of a large and complex positive feature
PKSU peaks prominent elevations, part of a larger feature, either pointed or of very limited extent across the summit
PKU peak a prominent elevation, part of a larger feature, either pointed or of very limited extent across the summit
PLNU plain a flat, gently sloping or nearly level region
PLTU plateau a comparatively flat-topped feature of considerable extent, dropping off abruptly on one or more sides
PNLU pinnacle a high tower or spire-shaped pillar of rock or coral, alone or cresting a summit
PRVU province a region identifiable by a group of similar physiographic features whose characteristics are markedly in contrast with surrounding areas
RDGU ridge a long narrow elevation with steep sides
RDSU ridges long narrow elevations with steep sides
RFSU reefs surface-navigation hazards composed of consolidated material
RFU reef a surface-navigation hazard composed of consolidated material
RISU rise a broad elevation that rises gently, and generally smoothly, from the sea floor
SCNU seachannel a continuously sloping, elongated depression commonly found in fans or plains and customarily bordered by levees on one or two sides
SCSU seachannels continuously sloping, elongated depressions commonly found in fans or plains and customarily bordered by levees on one or two sides
SDLU saddle a low part, resembling in shape a saddle, in a ridge or between contiguous seamounts
SHFU shelf a zone adjacent to a continent (or around an island) that extends from the low water line to a depth at which there is usually a marked increase of slope towards oceanic depths
SHLU shoal a surface-navigation hazard composed of unconsolidated material
SHSU shoals hazards to surface navigation composed of unconsolidated material
SHVU shelf valley a valley on the shelf, generally the shoreward extension of a canyon
SILU sill the low part of a gap or saddle separating basins
SLPU slope the slope seaward from the shelf edge to the beginning of a continental rise or the point where there is a general reduction in slope
SMSU seamounts elevations rising generally more than 1,000 meters and of limited extent across the summit
SMU seamount an elevation rising generally more than 1,000 meters and of limited extent across the summit
SPRU spur a subordinate elevation, ridge, or rise projecting outward from a larger feature
TERU terrace a relatively flat horizontal or gently inclined surface, sometimes long and narrow, which is bounded by a steeper ascending slope on one side and by a steep descending slope on the opposite side
TMSU tablemounts (or guyots) seamounts having a comparatively smooth, flat top
TMTU tablemount (or guyot) a seamount having a comparatively smooth, flat top
TNGU tongue an elongate (tongue-like) extension of a flat sea floor into an adjacent higher feature
TRGU trough a long depression of the sea floor characteristically flat bottomed and steep sided, and normally shallower than a trench
TRNU trench a long, narrow, characteristically very deep and asymmetrical depression of the sea floor, with relatively steep sides
VALU valley a relatively shallow, wide depression, the bottom of which usually has a continuous gradient
VLSU valleys a relatively shallow, wide depression, the bottom of which usually has a continuous gradient

V forest,heath,...

BUSH bush(es) a small clump of conspicuous bushes in an otherwise bare area
CULT cultivated area an area under cultivation
FRST forest(s) an area dominated by tree vegetation
FRSTF fossilized forest a forest fossilized by geologic processes and now exposed at the earth's surface
GROVE grove a small wooded area or collection of trees growing closely together, occurring naturally or deliberately planted
GRSLD grassland an area dominated by grass vegetation
GRVC coconut grove a planting of coconut trees
GRVO olive grove a planting of olive trees
GRVP palm grove a planting of palm trees
GRVPN pine grove a planting of pine trees
HTH heath an upland moor or sandy area dominated by low shrubby vegetation including heather
MDW meadow a small, poorly drained area dominated by grassy vegetation
OCH orchard(s) a planting of fruit or nut trees
SCRB scrubland an area of low trees, bushes, and shrubs stunted by some environmental limitation
TREE tree(s) a conspicuous tree used as a landmark
TUND tundra a marshy, treeless, high latitude plain, dominated by mosses, lichens, and low shrub vegetation under permafrost conditions
VIN vineyard a planting of grapevines
VINS vineyards plantings of grapevines